Wave Forces on Offshore Structures

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Edition: 1st
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2010-02-26
Publisher(s): Cambridge University Press
List Price: $152.34

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Summary

A thorough understanding of the interaction of waves and currents with offshore structures has now become a vital factor in the safe and economical design of various offshore technologies. There has been a significant increase in the research efforts to meet this need. Although considerable progress has been made in the offshore industry and in the understanding of the interaction of waves, currents, and wind with ocean structures, most of the available books concentrate only on practical applications without a grounding in the physics. This text strives to integrate an understanding of the physics of ocean-structure interactions with numerous applications. This more complete understanding will allow the engineer and designer to solve problems heretofore not encountered, and to design new and innovative structures. The intent of this book is to serve the needs of future generations of engineers designing more sophisticated structures at ever increasing depths.

Author Biography

Dr. Turgut "Sarp" Sarpkaya is an internationally recognized authority in fluid mechanics research and was named by Cambridge University as one of the world's one thousand greatest scientists. "Sarp," as he is known to friends and colleagues, is the recipient of the Turning Goals into Reality Award by NASA, and he was selected Freeman Scholar by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Sarpkaya received his Ph.D. from The University of Iowa, followed by postdoctoral work at the Massachusetts institute of Technology. He was the Thomas L. Fawick Distinguished Professor at the University of Nebraska and taught at the University of Manchester. He was named Professor and Chairman of Mechanical Engineering at the Naval Postgraduate School in 1967 and Distinguished Professor in 1975. His research over the past 50 years has covered the spectrum of hydrodynamics. His oscillating flow tunnel and the vortex-breakdown apparatus are two among several unique research facilities he has designed. Sarpkaya has published more than 200 papers and has explored for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) numerous classified projects dealing with the hydrodynamics and hydroacoustics of submarines. He served as chairman of the Executive Committee of the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME and the Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Institute. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Fellow of ASME, and Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. xi
Introductionp. 1
Classes of offshore structuresp. 3
Review of the fundamental equations and conceptsp. 7
Equations of motionp. 7
Rotational and irrotational flowsp. 9
Velocity potentialp. 11
Euler's equations and their integrationp. 13
Stream functionp. 15
Basic inviscid flowsp. 16
Force on a circular cylinder in unseparated inviscid flowp. 17
Slow motion of a spherical pendulum in viscous flowp. 20
Added mass or added inertiap. 22
An example of the role of the added inertiap. 30
Forces on bodies in separated unsteady flowp. 31
Kinetic energy and its relation to added massp. 33
Separation and time-dependent flowsp. 39
Introduction and key conceptsp. 39
Consequences of separationp. 42
Body and separationp. 47
Strouhal numberp. 52
Near wake and principal difficulties of analysisp. 56
Lift or transverse forcep. 58
Free-stream turbulence and roughness effectsp. 58
Impulsively started flowsp. 64
Introductory commentsp. 64
Representative impulsively started flowsp. 65
Sinusoidally oscillating flowp. 69
Introductionp. 69
Fourier-averaged drag and inertia coefficientsp. 75
Experimental studies on Cd and Cmp. 76
Transverse force and the Strouhal numberp. 85
Roughness effects on Cd, Cm, CL, and St in SOFp. 90
A critical assessment of the Morison equationp. 95
Oscillatory plus mean flow or the in-line oscillations of a cylinder in steady flowp. 98
Forced oscillations of a cylinder in a troughp. 104
Oscillatory flow in a smaller U-shaped water tunnelp. 107
Waves and wave-structure interactionsp. 109
Surface gravity wavesp. 109
Linear wave theoryp. 110
Higher-order wave theoriesp. 115
Character of the forces predictedp. 117
Random wavesp. 119
Representative frequency spectrap. 121
Wave-structure interactionp. 122
Principal factors of analysis and designp. 123
Design wave and force characterizationp. 125
Force-transfer coefficientsp. 127
A brief summary of the literature giving explicit Cd and Cm valuesp. 135
Suggested values for force-transfer coefficientsp. 138
Effects of orbital motion, coexisting current, pile orientation, interference, and wall proximityp. 139
Pipe lines and wall-proximity effectsp. 155
Wave impact loadsp. 166
Wave forces on large bodiesp. 172
Introductionp. 172
The case of linear diffractionp. 175
Froude-Krylov forcep. 176
The case of a circular cylinderp. 177
Higher-order wave diffraction and the force acting on a vertical cylinderp. 181
Closing remarksp. 184
Vortex-induced vibrationsp. 186
Key conceptsp. 186
Nomenclaturep. 190
Introductionp. 192
Added mass, numerical simulations, and VIVp. 203
Governing and influencing parametersp. 204
Parameter spacep. 204
Uncertaintiesp. 207
Mass and structural dampingp. 208
fvac, fcom, and added massp. 209
Linearized equations of self-excited motionp. 211
Unsteady force decompositionp. 213
Lighthill's force decompositionp. 215
Limitations of forced and free vibrationsp. 217
General discussionp. 217
Amplitude and phase modulationsp. 219
Experiments with forced oscillationsp. 223
A brief summary of the existing contributionsp. 223
Detailed discussion of more recent experimentsp. 227
The wake and the VIVp. 232
Self-excited vibrationsp. 240
Discussion of facts and numerical modelsp. 250
Suppression devicesp. 252
Evolution of numerical modelsp. 255
Experiments with advanced modelsp. 262
Hydrodynamic dampingp. 265
Key conceptsp. 265
Introductionp. 265
Elements of dampingp. 267
Stokes canonical solutionsp. 268
Previous investigationsp. 270
Representative datap. 272
Solid cylindersp. 272
Perforated cylindersp. 274
Three-dimensional instabilitiesp. 275
Closing remarksp. 280
Referencesp. 285
Indexp. 321
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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