Recent America The United States Since 1945

by
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-10-18
Publisher(s): Pearson
List Price: $146.94

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Summary

Pulitzer Prize winning author Irwin Unger provides a compelling narrative history of the American years from the end of World War Two to the 21st century. The text touches all the major topical bases-wars, economic growth, women, racial and life-style minorities, cultural trends, demographic evolution, and politics and diplomacy-while telling thestoryof America's history and places the themes within their chronological setting. Written to educate students in the broad trends, the text highlights how economic, demographic and cultural change affected all Americans rather than one specific group.This volume covers all aspects of American history since World War II including "Postwar America (1945-1952), the Eisenhower Era (1953-1960), the turbulent sixties, Vietnam, an era of malaise, the conservative tide and century's end (1993-2001).For history enthusiast and others interested in a broad-based narrative on American History since World War II.

Table of Contents

Introduction xi
Prologue Crucible of War 1(1)
America and the Aggressors
1(5)
The Struggle Over Intervention
1(1)
Japanese Aggression
2(1)
Isolationism in America
3(2)
America Becomes a Belligerent
5(1)
Mobilization for War
6(20)
Civil Rights and Civil Liberties During the War
6(1)
Continued Racial Intolerance
7(1)
Racial Tensions
8(1)
American Women and the War
9(2)
The Economy Transformed
11(1)
Politics During the War
12(1)
The War Fronts
13(2)
The Holocaust
15(1)
The Pacific
16(2)
Hitler Defeated
18(2)
Victory against Japan
20(1)
The Atom Bomb
21(1)
The War's Diplomacy
22(4)
Postwar Colossus
26(33)
Transition to Peace
26(3)
Readjustments
28(1)
Economic Reconversion
28(1)
Rise of Suburbia
29(3)
The Demographic Revolution
30(1)
Levittown
30(2)
Postwar Politics
32(5)
The Fair Deal
33(1)
Civil Rights
34(1)
The 1948 Election
34(2)
Full Term
36(1)
Scandals
36(1)
The Cold War Begins
37(9)
The Atom Bomb
37(1)
Containment
38(1)
The Truman Doctrine
39(1)
The United States Accepts International Responsibility
40(1)
The Marshall Plan
41(1)
Postwar Germany
42(2)
The North Atlantic Treaty
44(1)
The ``Fall'' of China
45(1)
The Korean War
46(6)
Domestic Effects
48(1)
Stalemate
48(3)
SEATO
51(1)
McCarthyism and the Red Scare
52(5)
Truman and the International Communist Danger
54(1)
McCarthyism
54(1)
Joseph McCarthy
55(1)
Alger Hiss
55(2)
``I Like IKE''
57(2)
The Eisenhower Years
59(30)
Politics Under ``IKE''
59(4)
McCarthy Brought Down
61(2)
Civil Rights
63(7)
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
65(2)
Eisenhower and Civil Rights
67(1)
Civil Disobedience
68(1)
The Sit-Ins
69(1)
Foreign Policy Under Eisenhower
70(7)
Eisenhower and the Russians
70(1)
The Space Race Begins
71(1)
Soviet-American Rivalry in the Third World
72(1)
Latin-America
73(1)
Castro's Cuba
73(1)
The Middle East
74(2)
Ike and Krushchev
76(1)
``Captive People''
76(1)
Fifties Thought and Culture
77(8)
The Conservative Surge
72(7)
Youth Culture
79(1)
The Music of the Young
79(1)
Television Arrives
80(1)
The Movies
81(1)
Literature
82(1)
The Beats
83(2)
Election 1960
85(4)
The Sixties
89(43)
The New Frontier
89(3)
Relations With Business
91(1)
Kennedy and Civil Rights
92(4)
The SCLC's Fight Against Racism
93(2)
The March on Washington
95(1)
Kennedy and Foreign Policy
96(7)
Flexible Response
96(1)
The Bay of Pigs
96(1)
Berlin Crises
97(1)
The Cuban Missiles Crisis
98(4)
Dallas
102(1)
Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society
103(5)
``Let us Continue''
103(1)
The Civil Rights Act
104(1)
The Quality of Life
105(1)
The Election of 1964
106(1)
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
107(1)
The Great Society at High Tide
108(3)
Aid to Education
109(1)
Medicare
110(1)
Other Great Society Legislation
111(1)
Civil Rights in the Johnson Years
111(5)
Continued Penalties of Race
112(1)
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
112(1)
African-American Militancy
113(3)
Liberation Movements
116(1)
Native Americans and Hispanics
116(1)
The New Feminism
117(3)
Radical Feminism
118(1)
The ``Warren Court''
119(1)
The New Left
120(4)
Student Revolt
122(2)
The Counterculture
124(4)
Haight-Ashbury
124(1)
Rock and the Counterculture
125(1)
The Sexual Revolution
126(2)
Backlash
128(1)
George Wallace
129(1)
The Great Society in Retreat
129(3)
Inflation
130(1)
Johnson Retires
131(1)
The Vietnam War, 1945--1975
132(37)
Vietnam Before the Americans Came
132(6)
The First Vietnam War
134(1)
The United States Aids the French
134(1)
Dien Bien Phu
135(1)
The Geneva Accords
136(1)
The Growing American Commitment
136(1)
Ngo Dinh Diem
137(1)
Diem's Mistakes
138(1)
JFK and Vietnam
138(4)
The Growing Communist Menace
139(1)
Diem Overthrown
140(2)
Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam
142(7)
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
143(1)
Rolling Thunder
144(1)
Escalation Begins
144(1)
The Antiwar Movement Begins
145(1)
A Limited War
145(1)
The First American Ground Troops
146(1)
The War Goes On
147(1)
The Media and the War
148(1)
Diplomacy
148(1)
The Peace Movement
149(10)
The Draft
150(1)
The Democratic Doves Revolt
151(2)
The TET Offensive
153(2)
The Communist Psychological Victory
155(2)
Johnson Bows Out
157(2)
The 1968 Presidential Campaign
159(2)
The Chicago Convention
159(1)
The Humphrey Campaign
160(1)
Vietnam and the Nixon Era
161(4)
The Cambodia Incursion
162(1)
Final Negotiations
163(1)
My Lai
164(1)
The Pentagon Papers
164(1)
End Game
165(2)
Evacuation
167(1)
Vietnam War Balance Sheet
167(2)
Nixon and Watergate
169(42)
Nixon's Domestic Programs
170(6)
Nixon and the Great Society Programs
171(1)
The Space Program Falters
172(1)
The New Environmentalism
173(1)
Nuclear Power
173(1)
Nixon and the Environment
174(1)
The ``New Federalism''
174(1)
Nixon and Civil Rights
175(1)
Nixon and the Backlash
176(1)
Nixon and Foreign Policy
176(6)
Nixon and China
177(2)
Detente With the Soviet Union
179(1)
The Nuclear Arms Race
180(2)
The Election of 1972
182(4)
Watergate Begins
182(1)
The McGovern-Nixon Contest
183(1)
Nixon and the Middle East
184(2)
OPEC and the Oil Embargo
186(1)
Watergate and Nixon's Fall
186(5)
The Significance of Watergate
190(1)
The Ford Administration
191(2)
Ford and Foreign Policy
192(1)
Ford and the Economy
192(1)
The Bicentennial
192(1)
The Election of 1976
193(1)
The Carter Presidency
193(8)
Carter's Domestic Achievements
194(1)
Malaise
194(1)
Carter's Energy Program
195(1)
Three Mile Island
196(1)
The Limping Seventies' Economy
197(2)
Computers
199(1)
A Service Economy
199(1)
Women and Work
200(1)
Carter and Foreign Policy
201(10)
Carter the Dove
201(2)
The Intermediate Missile Crisis
203(1)
Rude Awakening
204(1)
The Camp David Accords
204(1)
The Hostage Crisis
205(2)
The 1980 Presidential Election
207(1)
The Religious Right
208(1)
The 1980 Campaign
209(2)
The Reagan Counterrevolution
211(44)
The New Conservative ``Mandate''
211(2)
The Hostage Released
212(1)
Reaganomics
212(1)
Reagan's Economic Program
213(7)
The New Budget
213(1)
The Budget Bill and the Economic Recovery Act
214(1)
Attempted Assassination
215(1)
The Budget Bill Passes
216(1)
Social Security
217(1)
The Tax-Cut Bill Passes
218(2)
A Smaller Government
220(1)
Deregulation
220(1)
Environmental Protection
221(1)
Reagan and Organized Labor
221(2)
Reagan and Social Policy
223(1)
Race and Civil Rights in the 1980s
224(2)
African-American Progress
224(1)
African Americans and the Police
225(1)
Reagan and Foreign Policy
226(12)
The ``Evil Empire''
226(1)
Foreign Policy Crosscurrents
227(1)
The Committee on the Present Danger
228(1)
Reagan Takes Over
228(1)
Poland
229(1)
Central America
229(2)
Grenada
231(1)
The Falklands War
231(1)
Reagan and China
232(1)
Reagan and the Middle East
233(2)
``Star Wars''
235(1)
The Intermediate-Range Missiles
236(1)
The 1984 Election
237(1)
Second Term Troubles
238(1)
AIDS
238(1)
The Iran-Contra Affair
239(3)
Terrorism
239(1)
Iran-Contra
239(3)
The 1980s Economy
242(7)
Taming Inflation
242(1)
Growing Inequality
243(1)
Budget Deficits
244(1)
Foreign Economic Competition
244(3)
Junk Bonds
247(1)
The Savings and Loan Crisis
248(1)
The Stock Market Crash of 1987
249(1)
The Cold War Winds Down
249(3)
Glasnost and Perestroika
249(3)
The Election of 1988
252(3)
George H. W. Bush and the Gulf War
255(26)
The Bush Presidency
255(1)
Bush's Domestic Policies
256(1)
The Bush Legislative Agenda
257(6)
The War on Drugs
259(1)
Americans With Disabilities
260(1)
Bush and the Environment
261(1)
Bush and the Supreme Court
261(2)
Bush and Taxes
263(1)
Foreign Policy
263(4)
The End of the Cold War
263(2)
Bush and the End of the Cold War
265(1)
Bush and Latin America
266(1)
The Gulf War
267(7)
Iraq Invades Kuwait
267(1)
Desert Shield
268(2)
Desert Storm
270(4)
Somalia
274(1)
The Election of 1992
275(6)
The Economic Slump
275(2)
The Bush Administration's Response to Hard Times
277(1)
The Nomination Battles
277(1)
The Campaign
278(3)
The 1990s
281(59)
Clinton's Early Gaffes
281(3)
Gays in the Military
283(1)
Foreign Affairs
284(3)
Balkan Problems
284(1)
Humiliation in Somalia
285(1)
Clinton and the Arab-Israeli Dispute
286(1)
Domestic Accomplishments
287(7)
North American Free Trade Agreement
288(1)
National Health Insurance
289(2)
Crime Prevention
291(1)
Scandals
291(1)
Whitewater
292(1)
``Contract for America''
293(1)
Race, Gender, and Nationality
294(19)
Demographic Change
295(1)
The New Ethnic Mix
296(1)
The New Concern for Immigration
297(1)
The Newest Immigrants' Fate
297(1)
Immigration and Terrorism
298(1)
Immigration and Prejudice
299(1)
The Struggle Over Culture
300(1)
The Higher Education Battlefields
301(1)
The New Feminism
302(2)
Other Cultural Battlegrounds
304(1)
Postmodernism
305(1)
Race Relations
305(1)
The Police and the Ghettos
306(1)
O.J. Simpson and the Racial Divide
307(3)
The Attack on Affirmative Action
310(1)
Balkanization
311(1)
Cults and Militias
312(1)
The 1996 Presidential Election
313(2)
The Economic Boom
313(2)
Foreign Affairs in the Second Term
315(1)
Kosovo
315(1)
The ``New Economy''
316(8)
Sources of 1990s Prosperity
317(1)
The Internet
318(1)
Bio-Technology
319(1)
Technophobias
319(3)
Winners and Losers
322(2)
Scandal in Clinton's Second Term
324(7)
Monica Lewinsky
325(2)
Impeachment
327(3)
The Clinton Presidency
330(1)
The Millennium
331(1)
The Year 2000
332(2)
The Clinton Legacy
332(2)
The 2000 Presidential Campaign
334(6)
The Disputed Election of 2000
336(4)
Index 340

Excerpts

The decades since World War II have, for good or ill, been momentous for the United States and for the American people. These were prosperous years. The United States pulled out of the greatest economic depression it ever faced and began a half century and more of steady and expanding prosperity. These were tolerant years. Between 1945 and the present, Americans ended legal racial segregation and, by and large, learned to live with groups, practices, and beliefs that were once disparaged or even banned. These were democratic years. Increasingly authority diffused from political parties, rigid hierarchies, and self-perpetuating elites to other groups and looser aggregations and associations. These were creative years. In painting, literature, and the popular arts in America became a cultural dynamo, respected and envied around the world. Yet even acknowledging all these advances, these were troubled and turbulent years as well. Especially in the 1960s the country was wracked with violence and torn by dissension. And these were also menacing years. For most of the last half of the twentieth-century Americans cowered under the threat of superpower collision and nuclear holocaust.These themes--along with others--provide the substance of this history. But the work is not structured thematically. I believe that history, as the word itself declares, is astorythat includes an opening and a development, if not always a satisfying final resolution. And so the work has a chronological framework. Most chapters represent chunks of time, and it is within each of these that the themes play out. This approach not only locks on to a basic human interest in narrative; it is also the best way, I believe, to understand the past.In any history, of course, it is human beings, their feelings, doings, and ideas, that are the ultimate substance. Impersonal, disembodied "forces" must not be neglected--but I do not believe that forces are enough to explain the events of history. People are not will-less objects, unable to influence events. I do not subscribe to the "great man" theory of historical causation. Even the most powerful and commanding figures are hedged in by the circumstances--material, ideological, political, and social--of their day. Yet they are rarely helpless against the currents of history. Given these views, the reader will not be surprised to find much attention given to biography and to the interplay of personality.It is a commonplace among thoughtful Americans, even today, to criticize texts for neglecting "outsiders." In fact this is seldom true any more, a change that reflects a revolution in attitudes since World War II. And it is certainly not true ofRecent America: The United States Since 1945.The work, rather, seeks to recount the progress of many groups in America once considered secondary players in the nation's story. The reader of Recent America will find extensive coverage of women, blacks, Latinos (Hispanics), immigrants, gays, dissenters, and men and women of traditional religious views. These Americans, obviously far more than half the total population, have rightly demanded that their voices be heard, their stories told. And they are told in this work-I hope with sensitivity and care. At the same time, however, I have sought to strike a balance. If those formerly outside now have enhanced access to power and wealth, traditional elites cannot be dismissed. They are still ensconced disproportionately in the seats of privilege and authority, and their views and doings are central to understanding the course of the nation and the society.This raises another matter: the place of politics. It is undoubtedly true that in the past scholars conflated history with politics. History, they believed, was merelypastpolitics. We no longer have so limited a view of history. Yet, in their rejection of the older perception, some recent historia

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