Pathways to Independence Reading, Writing, and Learning in Grades 3-8

by ; ;
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-04-20
Publisher(s): The Guilford Press
List Price: $49.55

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Summary

This comprehensive text presents a core of research-based approaches to engaging, effective literacy instruction in the middle grades. Methods and materials are described to foster reading skills, content mastery, and writing in different formats and for different purposes. The authors emphasize the need to tailor instruction to the needs, strengths, skill levels, and interests of diverse students. They offer recommendations for reading lists that incorporate critically acclaimed fiction and nonfiction, popular series books, and other student-friendly materials. Special features include case studies, examples of teaching and assessment activities, and commentary from middle-school teachers and students. Appendices contain reproducible forms and lists of recommended reading materials and resources.

Author Biography

Jo Worthy, PhD, is Associate Professor of Reading Education and Teacher Education at the University of Texas at Austin, where she teaches graduate and undergraduate practicum courses in reading methods and reading difficulties in addition to courses on reading and language arts research. After receiving her bachelor's degree and teaching certificate in early childhood education, Dr. Worthy taught for many years in Virginia public elementary and middle schools. She continues to spend most of her time in public schools, collaborating closely with teachers, teaching her classes on an elementary school campus, and directing a literacy tutoring program. Dr. Worthy earned her doctorate in 1989 from the University of Virginia in reading education, focusing on educational research, clinical assessment, and children's literature. From 1991 to 1994, as a postdoctoral fellow at the Learning Research and Development Center with Isabel Beck and Margaret McKeown, she researched text comprehension and engagement. Her current research and teaching interests include teacher education, students' reading preferences, and reading difficulties, with a focus on grades 1-6.

Karen Broaddus, PhD, is Associate Professor of Reading Education at James Madison University. Her background experiences include teaching middle and secondary English and working as a children's librarian in school and public library settings. Dr. Broaddus received her doctorate from the University of Virginia in 1995, focusing her studies on reading, English education, and assessment. She began her college career at the University of Tulsa in Oklahoma, teaching children's literature, multicultural studies in adolescent literature, language arts, and literacy assessment and intervention. In Tulsa city schools, Dr. Broaddus collaborated with preservice teachers in group research projects on children's responses to multiethnic literature and in individual case study projects on struggling readers. Since her appointment to the faculty at James Madison University in 1998, she has focused her teaching and research on reading, writing, and content area learning in the middle grades.

Gay Ivey, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Reading Education at the University of Maryland at College Park. She began her teaching career in Albemarle County, Virginia, where she was a middle school Title I reading/language arts teacher. Dr. Ivey received her master's degree from the University of Virginia in 1990 and her doctorate from the University of Georgia in 1997. Her first university position was at the Graduate School of Education at Rutgers University before moving to the University of Maryland in 1999. She teaches courses in reading instruction and assessment. Her research interests include examining ways to make regular classroom instruction more responsive to individual development and motivation in the upper elementary and middle grades, especially for students who find reading and writing difficult.

Table of Contents

Introduction Understanding Students in the Middle Grades (3-8) 1(2)
Personal and Social Issues That Affect Education for Students in the Middle Grades
3(10)
A Guide to This Book
13(8)
PART I Getting Ready for the School Year: Assessment and Materials
Assessment: Getting to Know Students as People and Learners
21(32)
What Is Assessment and Why Is It Important?
21(1)
Getting to Know Students as People
22(6)
Getting to Know Students as Learners
28(4)
Issues in Choosing Appropriate Books
32(6)
Analyzing Students' Reading
38(12)
Continual Assessments during Classroom Instruction
50(3)
What Students Read and How to Get It
53(24)
Building a Classroom Collection to Support Learning and Engagement
54(5)
Other Important Features of a Well-Balanced Classroom Collection
59(7)
Books That ``Fit'': Guiding Students in Choosing Appropriate Books
66(3)
The Hardest Part: Acquiring Materials for Classroom Collections
69(8)
PART II Reading and Writing Instruction
Reading Aloud to Students
77(20)
Why Read Aloud in the Middle Grades?
78(1)
Exposing Students to a Variety of Topics and Genres by Reading Aloud
78(3)
Promoting Engagement in Reading through Reading Aloud
81(1)
Giving Students Access to Texts They Cannot Yet Read on Their Own
82(2)
Creating a Context for Sharing Expertise about Reading and Writing
84(7)
Providing Opportunities for Personal Response, Discussion, and Inquiry
91(2)
Making Time for Reading Aloud
93(4)
Just Reading
97(24)
Why Prioritize Independent, Self-Selected Reading?
98(3)
The Importance of Self-Selection: What Students Read on Their Own
101(5)
Independent Reading in the Content Areas
106(1)
What Teachers Do during Reading Time: Supporting, Teaching, and Assessing
107(14)
Building Reading Fluency
121(24)
What Is Fluency and Why Is It Important?
122(1)
Elementary and Middle School Classrooms That Foster Reading Fluency
122(1)
Why Some Students Don't Develop Adequate Fluency
123(1)
Traditional Fluency Instruction
123(2)
Purposeful Instruction That Targets Fluency Development
125(15)
Assessing Fluency
140(1)
Epilogue
141(4)
Guiding Students to Read as Writers
145(30)
Tapping Personal Experience as a Source for Writing
146(7)
Thinking as an Author: Using Models from Literature
153(14)
Engagement and Writing: Developing Independence
167(8)
Exploring Words
175(42)
Encouraging Language Play
176(9)
When Do I Teach Grammar?
185(3)
What about Spelling?
188(7)
Using Students' Knowledge about Words to Guide Instruction
195(22)
Guiding Students to Act as Researchers
217(34)
Why Focus on Research?
218(1)
Learning about the Research Process
219(5)
Setting Up Clear Steps for Research and the Writing Process
224(20)
Revisiting the Topic of Engagement in Research
244(7)
Tailoring Instruction for Individual Students
251(88)
Meeting Students' Needs in the Regular Instructional Program
252(1)
Extra Assistance for Students Who Struggle
253(1)
Current Views on Students Who Struggle in Literacy
254(1)
School Programs for Students Who Struggle in Literacy
254(2)
Instruction in Remedial and Special Education Programs
256(2)
What Kinds of Instruction Do Struggling Learners Need?
258(1)
A Plan for Meeting the Needs of Struggling Learners
258(10)
Exploring Options for Additional Assistance
268(2)
Learning More about Helping Struggling Learners
270(9)
APPENDICES
Appendix A Graphic Organizers for Reading and Writing
279(10)
Appendix B Forms and Record Keeping
289(12)
Appendix C Literature for Children and Adolescents
301(18)
Appendix D Resources for Teaching Reading and Writing
319(10)
Appendix E Charles: A Case Study of a Less Skilled Reader in the Middle Grades
329(10)
Index 339

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