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Nutrition and Diagnosis-Related Care,9780781737609

Nutrition and Diagnosis-Related Care

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Edition: 5th
ISBN13: 9780781737609
ISBN10: 0781737605
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2002-10-10
Publisher(s): LWW
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Summary

The latest edition of this rapid-access resource for busy nutritionists and dieticians continues its tradition as a concise, yet comprehensive reference for nutrition-based care of diseases. It includes proven care plans flexible enough for any setting - from hospitals and ambulatory centers, to private practices and home care. Updated to include a full appendix on the use of herbs, botanicals and dietary supplements, it is also the ideal supplementary text to labs and for clinical rotations.

Table of Contents

Contents xix
Preface vii
List of Tables
xiii
List of Figures
xvii
SECTION 1 NORMAL LIFE-CYCLE CONDITIONS 1(50)
Pregnancy and Lactation
4(8)
Pregnancy
4(4)
Lactation
8(4)
Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence
12(14)
Infant, Normal (0--6 months)
12(4)
Infant, Normal (6--12 months)
16(3)
Childhood
19(4)
Adolescence
23(3)
Physical Fitness and Stages of Adulthood
26(25)
Sports Nutrition
26(3)
Adulthood
29(6)
Geriatric Nutrition
35(16)
SECTION 2 DIETARY PRACTICES AND MISCELLANEOUS CONDITIONS 51(40)
Cultural Patterns and Practices
53(8)
Cultural Food Patterns and Integrative Medicine
53(3)
Vegetarianism
56(3)
Jewish or Kosher Dietary Practices
59(1)
Muslim Dietary Practices
60(1)
Orofacial Conditions
61(8)
Dental Difficulties and Oral Disorders
61(3)
Self-Feeding Problems
64(2)
Periodontal Disease
66(2)
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
68(1)
Skin Conditions
69(5)
Skin Disorders
69(3)
Pressure Ulcer
72(2)
Vitamin Deficiencies, Allergies, and Food-Borne Illnesses
74(17)
Vitamin Deficiencies (Vitamin A, Beriberi, Scurvy, Riboflavin, Pellagra)
74(2)
Food Allergy
76(4)
Migraine Headache and Vascular Responses
80(2)
Meniere's Syndrome
82(1)
Food-Borne Illness
83(8)
SECTION 3 SPECIAL PEDIATRIC CONDITIONS 91(50)
Adrenoleukodystrophy
95(2)
Biliary Atresia
97(2)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
99(2)
Cerebral Palsy
101(2)
Cleft Palate
103(1)
Congenital Heart Disease
104(1)
Cystinosis and Fanconi's Syndrome
105(2)
Down's Syndrome (Mongolism)
107(1)
Failure to Thrive (Growth Deficiency)
108(2)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
110(1)
Hirschsprung's Disease (Megacolon)
111(1)
Homocystinuria
112(1)
Inborn Errors of Carbohydrate Metabolism
113(2)
Large-for-Gestational-Age Infant
115(1)
Low Birth Weight or Prematurity
116(3)
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
119(1)
Myelomeningocele
120(2)
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
122(2)
Obesity in Childhood
124(2)
Phenylketonuria
126(2)
Prader-Willi Syndrome
128(1)
Rickets of Nutritional Origin
129(2)
Spina Bifida and Neural Tube Defects
131(2)
Tyrosinemia
133(1)
Urea Cycle Disorders
134(2)
Wilson's Disease (Hepatolenticular Degeneration)
136(5)
SECTION 4 NEUROLOGICAL, MENTAL HEALTH, AND PSYCHIATRIC CONDITIONS 141(42)
Overview of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
142(2)
Neurological Disorders
144(22)
Alzheimer's Disease and Dementias
144(3)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
147(2)
Cerebral Aneurysm
149(1)
Coma
150(1)
Epilepsy/Seizure Disorders
151(2)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
153(1)
Huntington's Disease
154(1)
Multiple Sclerosis
155(2)
Myasthenia Gravis
157(1)
Neurological Trauma (Spinal Cord Injury)
158(2)
Parkinson's Disease
160(2)
Tardive Dyskinesia
162(1)
Traumatic Brain Injury
163(2)
Trigeminal Neuralgia
165(1)
Psychiatric Disorders
166(17)
Anorexia Nervosa
166(2)
Binge-Eating Disorder
168(2)
Bulimia Nervosa
170(2)
Depression
172(2)
Psychosis
174(2)
Substance Abuse and Withdrawal
176(7)
SECTION 5 PULMONARY DISORDERS 183(34)
Pulmonary Nutrition Notes
184(33)
Asthma
186(3)
Bronchiectasis
189(1)
Bronchitis (Acute)
190(1)
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (Emphysema, Chronic Bronchitis)
191(3)
Chylothorax
194(1)
Cor Pulmonale
195(1)
Cystic Fibrosis
196(3)
Pneumonia
199(2)
Pulmonary Embolism
201(1)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
202(2)
Respiratory Failure and Ventilator Weaning
204(2)
Sarcoidosis
206(2)
Thoracic Empyema
208(1)
Transplantation, Lung
209(2)
Tuberculosis
211(6)
SECTION 6 CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS 217(54)
Overview: Diet in Heart Diseases--Lipids
218(3)
Overview: Diet in Heart Disease--Sodium
221(50)
Angina Pectoris
223(2)
Arteritis
225(2)
Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, and Ischemic Heart Disease
227(4)
Cardiac Cachexia
231(2)
Cardiomyopathies
233(2)
Cardiac Tamponade
235(1)
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
236(3)
Congestive Heart Failure
239(3)
Heart Valve diseases
242(2)
Hyperlipidemia: Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hyperlipoproteinemias
244(5)
Hypertension
249(3)
Myocardial Infarction (Acute)
252(2)
Pericarditis
254(1)
Peripheral Vascular Disease
255(2)
Thrombophlebitis
257(2)
Transplantation (Cardiac)
259(2)
Transplantation (Heart-Lung)
261(10)
SECTION 7 GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 271(66)
Upper GI: Esophagus
276(1)
Dysphagia
276(7)
Esophageal Stricture, Esophageal Spasm, or Achalasia
278(1)
Esophageal Trauma
279(1)
Esophageal Varices
280(1)
Heartburn, Hiatal Hernia, Esophagitis, and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
281(2)
Stomach
283(10)
Dyspepsia/Indigestion
283(1)
Gastric Retention
284(1)
Gastritis or Gastroenteritis
285(2)
Hypertrophic Gastritis (Menetrier's Disease)
287(1)
Pernicious Vomiting
288(1)
Peptic Ulcer
289(2)
Gastrectomy and/or Vagotomy
291(2)
Lower GI: Intestinal Disorders
293(39)
Diarrhea or Acute Enteritis
293(3)
Dysentery or Traveler's Diarrhea
296(2)
Fat Malabsorption Syndrome
298(2)
Celiac Disease (Celiac Sprue, Gluten-Induced Enteropathy, Nontropical Sprue)
300(3)
Tropical Sprue
303(1)
Lactose Malabsorption (Lactase Deficiency)
304(2)
Constipation
306(2)
Acquired Megacolon
308(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
309(2)
Diverticular Diseases
311(2)
Peritonitis
313(1)
Carcinoid Syndrome
314(1)
Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis)
315(3)
Ulcerative Colitis
318(2)
Intestinal Fistula
320(1)
Ileostomy
321(2)
Colostomy
323(2)
Short Bowel Syndrome
325(3)
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia
328(1)
Intestinal Lipodystrophy (Whipple's Disease)
329(1)
Intestinal Transplantation
330(2)
Rectal Disorders
332(5)
Hemorrhoids and Hemorrhoidectomy
332(5)
SECTION 8 HEPATIC, PANCREATIC, AND BILIARY DISORDERS 337(36)
Liver Facts
338(1)
Liver Disorders
339(19)
Alcoholic Liver Disease
339(3)
Ascites
342(2)
Jaundice
344(1)
Hepatitis
345(3)
Hepatic Cirrhosis
348(3)
Portacaval-Splenorenal Shunt for Portal Hypertension
351(1)
Hepatic Encephalopathy, Failure, or Coma
352(3)
Liver Transplantation
355(3)
Pancreatic Disorders
358(8)
Pancreatitis, Acute
358(2)
Pancreatitis, Chronic
360(2)
Pancreatic Insufficiency
362(1)
Pancreatic Transplantation
363(2)
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
365(1)
Biliary Disorders
366(7)
Gallbladder Disease
366(2)
Biliary Cirrhosis
368(1)
Cholestatic Liver Disease (Cholestasis)
369(4)
SECTION 9 ENDOCRINE DISORDERS 373(58)
Overview of Diabetes Mellitus
374(5)
Diabetes Mellitus, Complications, and Related Conditions
379(32)
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
379(7)
Islet Cell Transplantation
386(2)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
388(6)
Gestational Diabetes
394(3)
Diabetic Gastroparesis
397(2)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Diabetic Coma
399(2)
Nonketotic Hyperosmolar Syndrome
401(1)
Hypoglycemia
402(2)
Spontaneous Hypoglycemia and Hyperinsulinism
404(2)
Insulin Resistance Syndrome (Metabolic Syndrome)
406(2)
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
408(1)
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension
409(2)
Other Endocrine Disorders
411(20)
Adrenocortical Insufficiency and Addison's Disease
411(2)
Cushing's Syndrome
413(1)
Acromegaly
414(1)
Hyperaldosteronism
415(1)
Hypopituitarism
416(1)
Pheochromocytoma
417(1)
Hyperthyroidism
418(2)
Hypothyroidism
420(2)
Diabetes Insipidus
422(2)
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
424(1)
Parathyroid Disorders and Altered Calcium Metabolism
425(6)
SECTION 10 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT AND MALNUTRITION 431(26)
Types of Malnutrition
432(4)
Overweight
436(10)
Obesity
436(10)
Underweight and Protein-Calorie Malnutrition
446(11)
Underwieght and/or General Debility
446(2)
Protein-Calorie Malnutrition (Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, Mixed, PCM)
448(3)
Refeeding Syndrome
451(6)
SECTION 11 MUSCULOSKELETAL, ARTHRITIC, AND COLLAGEN DISORDERS 457(34)
Overview
458(33)
Ankylosing Spondylitis (Spinal Arthritis)
459(2)
Extended Immobilization
461(1)
Fibromyalgia
462(1)
Gout
463(2)
Muscular Dystrophy
465(2)
Osteoarthritis and Degenerative Joint Disease
467(2)
Osteomyelitis, Acute
469(1)
Osteomalacia
470(2)
Osteoporosis
472(4)
Paget's Disease (Osteitis Deformans)
476(2)
Polyarteritis Nodosa
478(1)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
479(3)
Rupture of Intervertebral Disk
482(1)
Scleroderma
483(2)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
485(6)
SECTION 12 HEMATOLOGY: ANEMIAS AND BLOOD DISORDERS 491(28)
General Information about Anemias
492(2)
Anemias
494(15)
Aplastic Anemia
494(1)
Copper Deficiency Anemia
495(1)
Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia
496(2)
Hemolytic Anemia from Vitamin E Deficiency
498(1)
Iron Deficiency Anemia
499(3)
Pernicious and B12 Deficiency Anemia
502(2)
Protein Deficiency Anemia
504(1)
Parasitic Infestation Anemia
505(1)
Sickle Cell Anemia
506(2)
Sideroblastic/Siderotic Anemia
508(1)
Other Blood Disorders
509(10)
Hemochromatosis (Iron Overloading)
509(2)
Hemorrhage, Acute or Chronic
511(1)
Polycythemia Vera (Osler's Disease)
512(2)
Thalassemia (Cooley's Anemia)
514(1)
Thrombocytopenic Purpura
515(4)
SECTION 13 CANCER 519(56)
General Information about Cancer, Cancer Prevention, and Risk Reduction
521(4)
Cancer, General
525(7)
Cancer, General Guide
525(7)
Leukemias
532(5)
Acute Leukemia
532(2)
Chronic Leukemia
534(1)
Bone Marrow Transplantation
535(2)
Lymphomas and Tumors
537(38)
Brain Tumor
537(2)
Breast Cancer
539(3)
Choriocarcinoma
542(1)
Colorectal Cancer (Intestinal Carcinomas)
543(3)
Esophageal Cancer
546(2)
Gastric Carcinoma
548(2)
Head and Neck Cancers
550(2)
Hepatic Carcinoma
552(2)
Lung Cancer (Bronchial Carcinoma)
554(2)
Hodgkin's Disease
556(1)
Lymphomas, Non-Hodgkins
557(2)
Melanoma and Skin Cancers
559(2)
Myeloma, Multiple
561(1)
Osteosarcoma
562(1)
Pancreatic Carcinoma
563(2)
Prostate Cancer
565(2)
Radiation Colitis and Enteritis
567(2)
Urinary Tract Cancers: Renal, Bladder, and Wilms' Tumor (Embryoma of the Kidney)
569(6)
SECTION 14 SURGICAL DISORDERS 575(36)
General Surgery Guidelines
577(13)
General Surgery
577(4)
Hyponatremia
581(1)
Hypernatremia
582(1)
Hypokalemia
583(1)
Hyperkalemia
584(1)
Hypocalcemia
585(1)
Hypercalcemia
586(1)
Hypomagnesemia
587(1)
Hypermagnesemia
588(1)
Phosphate Imbalances
589(1)
Specific Surgical Procedures
590(21)
Amputation
590(2)
Appendectomy
592(1)
Bowel Surgery
593(2)
Gastric Restrictive Surgery: Bypass, Stapling, or Gastroplasty
595(2)
Cesarean Delivery (C-Section)
597(1)
Craniotomy
598(1)
Hysterectomy, Abdominal
599(1)
Pelvic Exenteration
600(1)
Open Heart Surgery (Coronary Artery Bypass or Valve Replacement)
601(2)
Pancreatic Surgery
603(1)
Parathyroidectomy
604(1)
Spinal Surgery
605(1)
Total Hip Arthroplasty
606(1)
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
607(4)
SECTION 15 HYPERMETABOLIC, INFECTIOUS, TRAUMATIC, AND FEBRILE CONDITIONS 611(42)
General Information about Nutrition and Immunocompetence
612(41)
AIDS and HIV Infection
615(3)
Ascariasis
618(1)
Bacterial Endocarditis
619(1)
Burns (Thermal Injury)
620(3)
Candidiasis
623(1)
Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome
624(1)
Encephalitis and Reye's Disease
625(1)
Fever
626(1)
Fracture, Hip
627(2)
Fracture, Long-Bone
629(1)
Herpes Simplex I and II
630(1)
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
631(1)
Infection
632(2)
Infectious Mononucleosis
634(1)
Influenza (Flu, Respiratory)
635(1)
Meningitis
636(1)
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
637(2)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
639(1)
Poliomyelitis
640(1)
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease
641(1)
Sepsis, Septicemia
642(2)
Toxic Shock Syndrome
644(1)
Trauma
645(2)
Trichinosis
647(1)
Typhoid Fever
648(5)
SECTION 16 RENAL DISORDERS 653(36)
Overview of Renal Nutrition
654(35)
Inborn Errors of Renal Metabolism: Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets, Hartnup Disease
656(1)
Polycystic Kidney Disease
657(2)
Glomerulonephritis, Acute
659(2)
Glomerulonephritis, Chronic
661(2)
Nephritis
663(1)
Nephrosclerosis
664(1)
Nephrotic Syndrome
665(2)
Pyelonephritis and Urinary Tract Infections
667(2)
Urolithiasis/Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones)
669(2)
Acute Renal Failure
671(3)
Chronic and End-Stage Renal Failure
674(3)
Hemodialysis
677(4)
Peritoneal Dialysis
681(2)
Renal Transplantation
683(6)
SECTION 17 ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION 689(26)
Comments about Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
690(25)
Enteral Nutrition
691(14)
Parenteral Nutrition
705(10)
APPENDIX A NUTRITIONAL REVIEW 715(28)
Carbohydrates and Fiber
715(1)
Fats, Lipids, and Fatty Acid Review
715(1)
Other Fatty Acid Issues and Substances
716(1)
Proteins and Amino Acids
717(2)
Minerals
719(8)
Macrominerals
719(4)
Trace Minerals
723(2)
Ultra-Trace Minerals
725(2)
Less Studied Ultra-Trace Minerals
727(1)
Vitamins
727(6)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
727(2)
Water-Soluble Vitamins
729(4)
Recommended Dietary Allowances and Dietary Reference Intakes
733(10)
APPENDIX B DIETETIC PROCESS, FORMS, AND COUNSELLING TIPS 743(38)
Introduction
743(1)
The Dietetic Process and Role of the Registered Dietitian on the Health Team
744(37)
Nutritional Risk Screening
744(2)
Assessment
746(4)
Plan
750(1)
Implementation
750(1)
Evaluation
751(16)
Reassessment
767(1)
Discharge Planning
767(6)
Rationale for Diagnostic-Related Group Tables
773(8)
APPENDIX C MULTIPLE-CONDITION CASE STUDIES 781(26)
APPENDIX D NUTRITIONAL ACUITY RANKING FOR DIETITIAN SERVICES 807(6)
APPENDIX E COMPLEMENTARY NUTRITION-HERBALS AND BOTANICALS 813

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