| Preface |
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vii | |
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ix | |
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x | |
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1 | (5) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (2) |
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Stages in Research on Multilingualism |
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6 | (13) |
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Double Monolingualism Hypothesis |
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6 | (1) |
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Earlier Models of Bilingual Representation |
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7 | (2) |
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Transfer as an Explanation of Linguistic Deficiency |
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9 | (5) |
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The Impact of the Peal & Lambert Study |
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14 | (5) |
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19 | (11) |
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Transfer in Research on Bilingualism |
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20 | (4) |
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Transfer in the Learner System |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (2) |
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Transfer Phenomena in Multilingual Systems |
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28 | (2) |
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Universal Grammar Reviewed |
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30 | (22) |
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30 | (2) |
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Tenets of UG Language Acquisition Theory |
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32 | (9) |
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41 | (6) |
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UG on Interim Language and Multilingualism |
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47 | (5) |
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Multilingual Proficiency Reassessed |
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52 | (24) |
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52 | (6) |
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Current Issues in Multilingualism Research |
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58 | (11) |
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69 | (5) |
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Arguments for a Dynamic View |
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74 | (2) |
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A Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Developed |
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76 | (35) |
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Introduction to Dynamic Systems Approaches |
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76 | (9) |
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85 | (8) |
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Key Factors of DMM: Gradual Language Loss and Language Maintenance |
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93 | (16) |
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Hypothetical Assumptions of DMM |
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109 | (2) |
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A Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Analysed |
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111 | (33) |
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Conceptual Outline of DMM |
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111 | (6) |
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Types of Multilingualism According to DMM |
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117 | (8) |
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How Factors Relate in DMM |
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125 | (15) |
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Mastering Complexity in DMM |
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140 | (4) |
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Holism Defended: A Systems Interpretation |
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144 | (9) |
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Double Monolingualism and Modularity |
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145 | (3) |
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Wholism: The Bilingual View and Multicompetence |
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148 | (2) |
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Holism and Systems Theory |
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150 | (3) |
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Limitations, Conclusions and Outlook |
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153 | (9) |
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Theoretical Limitations of DMM |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (3) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (3) |
| References |
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162 | (18) |
| Index |
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180 | |